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Versão: 10.x

Motivação

Saving disk space​

An illustration of the pnpm content-addressable store. On the illustration there are two projects with node_modules. The files in the node_modules directories are hard links to the same files in the content-addressable store.

Ao usar npm ou Yarn, se você tiver 100 projetos usando uma dependência, você terá 100 cópias dessa dependência salvas em disco. Com pnpm, a dependência será armazenada em um armazenamento de conteúdo endereçável, então:

  1. Se você depender de diferentes versões da dependência, apenas os arquivos diferentes serão armazenados. For instance, if it has 100 files, and a new version has a change in only one of those files, pnpm update will only add 1 new file to the store, instead of cloning the entire dependency just for the singular change.
  2. Todos os arquivos são armazenados em um único local do disco. Quando os pacotes são instalados, seus arquivos são vinculados a partir desse local único, não consumindo espaço adicional em disco. Isso permite que você compartilhe a mesma versão de dependências entre diversos projetos.

Como resultado, você otimiza muito espaço em seu disco proporcionalmente ao número de projetos e dependências, tendo assim instalações muito mais rápidas!

Boosting installation speed​

pnpm performs installation in three stages:

  1. Dependency resolution. All required dependencies are identified and fetched to the store.
  2. Directory structure calculation. The node_modules directory structure is calculated based on the dependencies.
  3. Linking dependencies. All remaining dependencies are fetched and hard linked from the store to node_modules.

An illustration of the pnpm install process. Packages are resolved, fetched, and hard linked as soon as possible.

This approach is significantly faster than the traditional three-stage installation process of resolving, fetching, and writing all dependencies to node_modules.

An illustration of how package managers like Yarn Classic or npm install dependencies.

Creating a non-flat node_modules directory​

When installing dependencies with npm or Yarn Classic, all packages are hoisted to the root of the modules directory. As a result, source code has access to dependencies that are not added as dependencies to the project.

By default, pnpm uses symlinks to add only the direct dependencies of the project into the root of the modules directory.

An illustration of a node_modules directory created by pnpm. Packages in the root node_modules are symlinks to directories inside the node_modules/.pnpm directory

If you'd like more details about the unique node_modules structure that pnpm creates and why it works fine with the Node.js ecosystem, read:

dica

If your tooling doesn't work well with symlinks, you may still use pnpm and set the nodeLinker setting to hoisted. This will instruct pnpm to create a node_modules directory that is similar to those created by npm and Yarn Classic.