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版本：10.x

package.json

一个包的清单文件。 它包含包的所有元数据，包括依赖项、标题、作者等等。 这是所有主要的 Node.js 包管理工具，包括 pnpm 的保留标准。

engines​

你可以指定你的软件能够运行的 Node 版本和 pnpm 版本：

{
    "engines": {
        "node": ">=10",
        "pnpm": ">=3"
    }
}

在本地开发时， 如果其版本与 engines 字段中指定的版本不匹配，pnpm 将始终失败并报错。

当你的包作为依赖被安装时，除非用户已设置 engine-strict 配置标志 (参阅 .npmrc)，否则此字段仅供参考，且只会产生警告。

dependenciesMeta​

用于在 dependencies, optionalDependencies 和 devDependencies 中声明的依赖项的补充元信息。

dependenciesMeta.*.injected​

如果将本地工作区包依赖项设置为 true，则将通过在虚拟存储中创建硬链接副本来安装该包（node_modules/.pnpm）。

如果将其设置为 false 或未设置，则将通过创建指向工作空间中包的源目录的 node_modules 符号链接来安装依赖项。 这是缺省值，因为它更快，并确保对依赖关系的任何修改都将立即对其使用者可视。

例如，假设以下 package.json 是一个本地工作区包：

{
  "name": "card",
  "dependencies": {
    "button": "workspace:1.0.0"
  }
}

The button dependency will normally be installed by creating a symlink in the node_modules directory of card, pointing to the development directory for button.

But what if button specifies react in its peerDependencies? If all projects in the monorepo use the same version of react, then there is no problem. But what if button is required by card that uses react@16 and form that uses react@17? Normally you'd have to choose a single version of react and specify it using devDependencies of button. Symlinking does not provide a way for the react peer dependency to be satisfied differently by different consumers such as card and form.

The injected field solves this problem by installing a hard linked copies of button in the virtual store. To accomplish this, the package.json of card could be configured as follows:

{
  "name": "card",
  "dependencies": {
    "button": "workspace:1.0.0",
    "react": "16"
  },
  "dependenciesMeta": {
    "button": {
      "injected": true
    }
  }
}

Whereas the package.json of form could be configured as follows:

{
  "name": "form",
  "dependencies": {
    "button": "workspace:1.0.0",
    "react": "17"
  },
  "dependenciesMeta": {
    "button": {
      "injected": true
    }
  }
}

With these changes, we say that button is an "injected dependency" of card and form. When button imports react, it will resolve to react@16 in the context of card, but resolve to react@17 in the context of form.

由于注入依赖关系会生成其工作空间源目录的副本，因此每当修改代码时，都必须更新这些副本; 否则，新状态将不会反映给使用者。 When building multiple projects with a command such as pnpm --recursive run build, this update must occur after each injected package is rebuilt but before its consumers are rebuilt. For simple use cases, it can be accomplished by invoking pnpm install again, perhaps using a package.json lifecycle script such as "prepare": "pnpm run build" to rebuild that one project. Third party tools such as pnpm-sync and pnpm-sync-dependencies-meta-injected provide a more robust and efficient solution for updating injected dependencies, as well as watch mode support.

peerDependenciesMeta​

This field lists some extra information related to the dependencies listed in the peerDependencies field.

peerDependenciesMeta.*.optional​

如果设置为 true，所选的 peer dependency 将被包管理工具标记为可选的。 因此，消费方省略它将不再是 被报告为错误。

示例：

{
    "peerDependencies": {
        "foo": "1"
    },
    "peerDependenciesMeta": {
        "foo": {
            "optional": true
        },
        "bar": {
            "optional": true
        }
    }
}

Note that even though bar was not specified in peerDependencies, it is marked as optional. 因此，pnpm 将假定任何版本的 bar 都是被允许的。 However, foo is optional, but only to the required version specification.

publishConfig​

在包被打包之前，可以覆盖清单中的某些字段。 以下字段可以被覆盖：

要覆盖字段，请将该字段的发布版本添加到 publishConfig。

例如，以下 package.json：

{
    "name": "foo",
    "version": "1.0.0",
    "main": "src/index.ts",
    "publishConfig": {
        "main": "lib/index.js",
        "typings": "lib/index.d.ts"
    }
}

将被发布为：

{
    "name": "foo",
    "version": "1.0.0",
    "main": "lib/index.js",
    "typings": "lib/index.d.ts"
}

publishConfig.executableFiles​

默认情况下，出于可移植性的原因，除了 bin 字段中列出的文件之外，不会在生成的包存档中将任何文件标记为可执行文件。 The executableFiles field lets you declare additional files that must have the executable flag (+x) set even if they aren't directly accessible through the bin field.

{
  "publishConfig": {
    "executableFiles": [
      "./dist/shim.js"
    ]
  }
}

publishConfig.directory​

You also can use the field publishConfig.directory to customize the published subdirectory relative to the current package.json.

预计在指定目录中有当前包的修改版本（通常使用第三方构建工具）。

In this example the "dist" folder must contain a package.json

{
  "name": "foo",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "publishConfig": {
    "directory": "dist"
  }
}

publishConfig.linkDirectory​

  • 默认值：true
  • 类型：Boolean

When set to true, the project will be symlinked from the publishConfig.directory location during local development.

示例：

{
  "name": "foo",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "publishConfig": {
    "directory": "dist",
    "linkDirectory": true
  }
}

pnpm.overrides​

此字段允许您指示 pnpm 覆盖依赖关系图中的任何依赖项。 这对于强制所有软件包使用一个依赖项的单个版本、反向移植一个修复、用分叉替换依赖项或删除未使用的依赖项很有用。

请注意，overrides 字段只能在项目的根目录下设置。

An example of the "pnpm"."overrides" field:

{
  "pnpm": {
    "overrides": {
      "foo": "^1.0.0",
      "quux": "npm:@myorg/quux@^1.0.0",
      "bar@^2.1.0": "3.0.0",
      "qar@1>zoo": "2"
    }
  }
}

You may specify the package the overridden dependency belongs to by separating the package selector from the dependency selector with a ">", for example qar@1>zoo will only override the zoo dependency of qar@1, not for any other dependencies.

一个overide可以被定义为直接依赖项的规则的引用。 This is achieved by prefixing the name of the dependency with a $:

{
  "dependencies": {
    "foo": "^1.0.0"
  },
  "pnpm": {
    "overrides": {
      "foo": "$foo"
    }
  }
}

被引用的包不必匹配需要覆盖的包：

{
  "dependencies": {
    "foo": "^1.0.0"
  },
  "pnpm": {
    "overrides": {
      "bar": "$foo"
    }
  }
}

如果你发现你使用某个包不需要它的依赖之一，你可以使用 - 来删除它。 For example, if package foo@1.0.0 requires a large package named bar for a function that you don’t use, removing it could reduce install time:

{
  "pnpm": {
    "overrides": {
      "foo@1.0.0>bar": "-"
    }
  }
}

This feature is especially useful with optionalDependencies, where most optional packages can be safely skipped.

pnpm.packageExtensions​

The packageExtensions fields offer a way to extend the existing package definitions with additional information. For example, if react-redux should have react-dom in its peerDependencies but it has not, it is possible to patch react-redux using packageExtensions:

{
  "pnpm": {
    "packageExtensions": {
      "react-redux": {
        "peerDependencies": {
          "react-dom": "*"
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

The keys in packageExtensions are package names or package names and semver ranges, so it is possible to patch only some versions of a package:

{
  "pnpm": {
    "packageExtensions": {
      "react-redux@1": {
        "peerDependencies": {
          "react-dom": "*"
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

The following fields may be extended using packageExtensions: dependencies, optionalDependencies, peerDependencies, and peerDependenciesMeta.

一个更大的例子：

{
  "pnpm": {
    "packageExtensions": {
      "express@1": {
        "optionalDependencies": {
          "typescript": "2"
        }
      },
      "fork-ts-checker-webpack-plugin": {
        "dependencies": {
          "@babel/core": "1"
        },
        "peerDependencies": {
          "eslint": ">= 6"
        },
        "peerDependenciesMeta": {
          "eslint": {
            "optional": true
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}
提示

Together with Yarn, we maintain a database of packageExtensions to patch broken packages in the ecosystem. If you use packageExtensions, consider sending a PR upstream and contributing your extension to the @yarnpkg/extensions database.

pnpm.peerDependencyRules​

pnpm.peerDependencyRules.ignoreMissing​

pnpm 不会打印有关依赖列表中缺少对 peerDependency 的警告。

For instance, with the following configuration, pnpm will not print warnings if a dependency needs react but react is not installed:

{
  "pnpm": {
    "peerDependencyRules": {
      "ignoreMissing": ["react"]
    }
  }
}

包名也可以使用模式匹配

{
  "pnpm": {
    "peerDependencyRules": {
      "ignoreMissing": ["@babel/*", "@eslint/*"]
    }
  }
}

pnpm.peerDependencyRules.allowedVersions​

对于指定版本范围的 peerDependency，将不会打印未满足版本范围的警告。

For instance, if you have some dependencies that need react@16 but you know that they work fine with react@17, then you may use the following configuration:

{
  "pnpm": {
    "peerDependencyRules": {
      "allowedVersions": {
        "react": "17"
      }
    }
  }
}

This will tell pnpm that any dependency that has react in its peer dependencies should allow react v17 to be installed.

也可以仅抑制特定包的对等依赖项的警告。 For instance, with the following configuration react v17 will be only allowed when it is in the peer dependencies of the button v2 package or in the dependencies of any card package:

{
  "pnpm": {
    "peerDependencyRules": {
      "allowedVersions": {
        "button@2>react": "17",
        "card>react": "17"
      }
    }
  }
}

pnpm.peerDependencyRules.allowAny​

allowAny is an array of package name patterns, any peer dependency matching the pattern will be resolved from any version, regardless of the range specified in peerDependencies. 例如：

{
  "pnpm": {
    "peerDependencyRules": {
      "allowAny": ["@babel/*", "eslint"]
    }
  }
}

The above setting will mute any warnings about peer dependency version mismatches related to @babel/ packages or eslint.

pnpm.neverBuiltDependencies​

此字段允许忽略特定依赖项的构建。 安装期间不会执行所列包的 “preinstall”、“install” 和 “postinstall” 脚本。

关于 "pnpm"."neverBuiltDependencies" 字段的一个例子:

{
  "pnpm": {
    "neverBuiltDependencies": ["fsevents", "level"]
  }
}

pnpm.onlyBuiltDependencies​

允许在安装期间执行安装的包名列表。 如果此字段存在，那么只有列出的软件包可以运行安装脚本。

示例：

{
  "pnpm": {
    "onlyBuiltDependencies": ["fsevents"]
  }
}

pnpm.onlyBuiltDependenciesFile​

此配置选项允许用户指定一个 JSON 文件，该文件列出了在 pnpm 安装过程中允许运行安装脚本的唯一包。 通过使用它，你可以增强安全性或确保在安装过程中只有特定的依赖项执行脚本。

示例：

{
  "dependencies": {
    "@my-org/policy": "1.0.0"
  },
  "pnpm": {
    "onlyBuiltDependenciesFile": "node_modules/@my-org/policy/onlyBuiltDependencies.json"
  }
}

JSON 文件本身应包含一组包名称：

node_modules/@my-org/policy/onlyBuiltDependencies.json
[
  "fsevents"
]

pnpm.allowedDeprecatedVersions​

这个设置允许忽略特定包的弃用警告。

示例：

{
  "pnpm": {
    "allowedDeprecatedVersions": {
      "express": "1",
      "request": "*"
    }
  }
}

使用上述配置，pnpm 将不会打印 request 任何版本和 express v1 版本的弃用警告。

pnpm.patchedDependencies​

This field is added/updated automatically when you run pnpm patch-commit. 它是一个字典，其中键值是软件包名称与精确版本号。 值应该是一个指向修补文件的相对路径。

示例：

{
  "pnpm": {
    "patchedDependencies": {
      "express@4.18.1": "patches/express@4.18.1.patch"
    }
  }
}

pnpm.allowNonAppliedPatches​

When true, installation won't fail if some of the patches from the patchedDependencies field were not applied.

{
  "pnpm": {
    "patchedDependencies": {
      "express@4.18.1": "patches/express@4.18.1.patch"
    },
    "allowNonAppliedPatches": true
}

pnpm.updateConfig​

pnpm.updateConfig.ignoreDependencies​

有时你无法更新依赖项。 例如，最新版本的依赖项开始使用 ESM，但您的项目尚未采用 ESM。 Annoyingly, such a package will be always printed out by the pnpm outdated command and updated, when running pnpm update --latest. However, you may list packages that you don't want to upgrade in the ignoreDependencies field:

{
  "pnpm": {
    "updateConfig": {
      "ignoreDependencies": ["load-json-file"]
    }
  }
}

Patterns are also supported, so you may ignore any packages from a scope: @babel/*.

pnpm.auditConfig​

pnpm.auditConfig.ignoreCves​

A list of CVE IDs that will be ignored by the pnpm audit command.

{
  "pnpm": {
    "auditConfig": {
      "ignoreCves": [
        "CVE-2022-36313"
      ]
    }
  }
}

pnpm.auditConfig.ignoreGhsas​

A list of GHSA Codes that will be ignored by the pnpm audit command.

{
  "pnpm": {
    "auditConfig": {
      "ignoreGhsas": [
        "GHSA-42xw-2xvc-qx8m",
        "GHSA-4w2v-q235-vp99",
        "GHSA-cph5-m8f7-6c5x",
        "GHSA-vh95-rmgr-6w4m"
      ]
    }
  }
}

pnpm.requiredScripts​

工作区的每个项目，都必须含有此数组中的所有脚本。 Otherwise, pnpm -r run <script name> will fail.

{
  "pnpm": {
    "requiredScripts": ["build"]
  }
}

pnpm.supportedArchitectures​

您可以指定要安装的可选依赖项的架构，即使它们与运行安装的系统的架构不匹配。

例如，以下配置指示安装 Windows x64 的可选依赖项：

{
  "pnpm": {
    "supportedArchitectures": {
      "os": ["win32"],
      "cpu": ["x64"]
    }
  }
}

而此配置将为 Windows、macOS 以及当前正在运行安装的系统架构安装可选依赖项。 它包括 x64 和 arm64 CPU 的工件：

{
  "pnpm": {
    "supportedArchitectures": {
      "os": ["win32", "darwin", "current"],
      "cpu": ["x64", "arm64"]
    }
  }
}

另外， supportedArchitectures 还支持指定系统的 libc。

pnpm.ignoredOptionalDependencies​

如果可选依赖项的名称包含在此数组中，则会跳过它。 示例：

{
  "pnpm": {
    "ignoredOptionalDependencies": ["fsevents", "@esbuild/*"]
  }
}

pnpm.executionEnv.nodeVersion​

指定应用于项目运行时的确切 Node.js 版本。 pnpm will automatically install the specified version of Node.js and use it for running pnpm run commands or the pnpm node command.

示例：

{
  "pnpm": {
    "executionEnv": {
      "nodeVersion": "16.16.0"
    }
  }
}

resolutions​

Functionally identical to pnpm.overrides, this field is intended to make it easier to migrate from Yarn.

resolutions and pnpm.overrides get merged before package resolution (with pnpm.overrides taking precedence), which can be useful when you're migrating from Yarn and need to tweak a few packages just for pnpm.