pnpm link

命令別名：ln

使目前的區域套件可從整個系統或其他位置存取。

pnpm link <dir>
pnpm link --global
pnpm link --global <pkg>

Options

--dir <dir>, -C

• 預設: 目前資料夾
• 參數類型：路徑字串

將模組資料夾位置設為 <dir>。

pnpm link <dir>

將封裝從 <dir> 資料夾連結到來自您執行此命令處的或透過 --dir 選項指定的封裝的 node_modules。

For example, if you are inside ~/projects/foo and you execute pnpm link --dir ../bar, then foo will be linked to bar/node_modules/foo.

pnpm link --global

Links package from location where this command was executed or specified via --dir option to global node_modules, so it can be referred from another package with pnpm link --global <pkg>. Also if the package has a bin field, then the package's binaries become available system-wide.

pnpm link --global <模組名稱>

將指定套件（<模組名稱>）從全域 node_modules 連結至命令執行位置的 node_modules ，或者透過 --dir 指定目標位置

Difference between pnpm link <dir> and pnpm link --dir <dir>

pnpm link <dir> links the package from <dir> to the node_modules of the package where the command was executed. pnpm link --dir <dir> links the package from the current working directory to <dir>.

# The current directory is foo
pnpm link ../bar

- foo
  - node_modules
    - bar -> ../../bar
- bar

# The current directory is bar
pnpm link --dir ../foo

- foo
  - node_modules
    - bar -> ../../bar
- bar

Use Cases

Replace an installed package with a local version of it

Let's say you have a project that uses foo package. You want to make changes to foo and test them in your project. In this scenario, you can use pnpm link to link the local version of foo to your project, while the package.json won't be modified.

cd ~/projects/foo
pnpm install # install dependencies of foo
pnpm link --global # link foo globally
cd ~/projects/my-project
pnpm link --global foo # link foo to my-project

You can also link a package from a directory to another directory, without using the global node_modules folder:

cd ~/projects/foo
pnpm install # install dependencies of foo
cd ~/projects/my-project
pnpm link ~/projects/foo # link foo to my-project

Add a binary globally

If you are developing a package that has a binary, for example, a CLI tool, you can use pnpm link --global to make the binary available system-wide. This is the same as using pnpm install -g foo, but it will use the local version of foo instead of downloading it from the registry.

Remember that the binary will be available only if the package has a bin field in its package.json.

cd ~/projects/foo
pnpm install # install dependencies of foo
pnpm link --global # link foo globally

What's the difference between pnpm link and using the file: protocol?

When you use pnpm link, the linked package is symlinked from the source code. You can modify the source code of the linked package, and the changes will be reflected in your project. With this method pnpm will not install the dependencies of the linked package, you will have to install them manually in the source code. This may be usefull when you have to use a specific package manager for the linked package, for example, if you want to use npm for the linked package, but pnpm for your project.

When you use the file: protocol in dependencies, the linked package is hard-linked to your project node_modules, you can modify the source code of the linked package, and the changes will be reflected in your project. With this method pnpm will also install the dependencies of the linked package, overriding the node_modules of the linked package.

資訊

When dealing with peer dependencies it is recommended to use the file: protocol. It better resolves the peer dependencies from the project dependencies, ensuring that the linked dependency correctly uses the versions of the dependencies specified in your main project, leading to more consistent and expected behaviors.

功能	pnpm link	file: Protocol
Symlink/Hard-link	Symlink	Hard-link
Reflects source code modifications	Yes	Yes
Installs dependencies of the linked package	No (manual installation required)	Yes (overrides node_modules of the linked package)
Use different package manager for dependency	Possible (e.g., use npm for linked pkg)	No, it will use pnpm