使用 Docker
在建置時期，您無法在Docker容器與主機檔案系統間建立參照連結 (reflink) 或硬連結 (hard link)。 但您仍可透過 BuildKit 的 cache mount 功能，在不同組建間共享快取。 Alternatively, you may use podman because it can mount Btrfs volumes during build time.
最小化 Docker 映像尺寸及建置時間
- Use a small image, e.g.
node:XX-slim. - 盡可能利用多階段建置。
- 利用 BuildKit 快取掛載區功能。
例一：在 Docker 容器中建置軟體包
Since devDependencies is only necessary for building the bundle, pnpm install --prod will be a separate stage
from pnpm install and pnpm run build, allowing the final stage to copy only necessary files from the earlier
stages, minimizing the size of the final image.
node_modules
.git
.gitignore
*.md
dist
FROM node:20-slim AS base
ENV PNPM_HOME="/pnpm"
ENV PATH="$PNPM_HOME:$PATH"
RUN corepack enable
COPY . /app
WORKDIR /app
FROM base AS prod-deps
RUN --mount=type=cache,id=pnpm,target=/pnpm/store pnpm install --prod --frozen-lockfile
FROM base AS build
RUN --mount=type=cache,id=pnpm,target=/pnpm/store pnpm install --frozen-lockfile
RUN pnpm run build
FROM base
COPY --from=prod-deps /app/node_modules /app/node_modules
COPY --from=build /app/dist /app/dist
EXPOSE 8000
CMD [ "pnpm", "start" ]
例二：在 monorepo 中建置多個 Docker 映像
假設您的 monorepo 含有三個套件：app1、app2 及 common，app1 及 app2 依賴於 common，但不互相依賴。
You want to save only necessary dependencies for each package, pnpm deploy should help you with copying only necessary files and packages.
./
├── Dockerfile
├── .dockerignore
├── .gitignore
├── packages/
│ ├── app1/
│ │ ├── dist/
│ │ ├── package.json
│ │ ├── src/
│ │ └── tsconfig.json
│ ├── app2/
│ │ ├── dist/
│ │ ├── package.json
│ │ ├── src/
│ │ └── tsconfig.json
│ └── common/
│ ├── dist/
│ ├── package.json
│ ├── src/
│ └── tsconfig.json
├── pnpm-lock.yaml
├── pnpm-workspace.yaml
└── tsconfig.json
packages:
- 'packages/*'
node_modules
.git
.gitignore
*.md
dist
FROM node:20-slim AS base
ENV PNPM_HOME="/pnpm"
ENV PATH="$PNPM_HOME:$PATH"
RUN corepack enable
FROM base AS build
COPY . /usr/src/app
WORKDIR /usr/src/app
RUN --mount=type=cache,id=pnpm,target=/pnpm/store pnpm install --frozen-lockfile
RUN pnpm run -r build
RUN pnpm deploy --filter=app1 --prod /prod/app1
RUN pnpm deploy --filter=app2 --prod /prod/app2
FROM base AS app1
COPY --from=build /prod/app1 /prod/app1
WORKDIR /prod/app1
EXPOSE 8000
CMD [ "pnpm", "start" ]
FROM base AS app2
COPY --from=build /prod/app2 /prod/app2
WORKDIR /prod/app2
EXPOSE 8001
CMD [ "pnpm", "start" ]
執行下列命令來建置 app1 和 app2 的映像：
docker build . --target app1 --tag app1:latest
docker build . --target app2 --tag app2:latest
Example 3: Build on CI/CD
On CI or CD environments, the BuildKit cache mounts might not be available, because the VM or container is ephemeral and only normal docker cache will work.
So an alternative is to use a typical Dockerfile with layers that are built incrementally, for this scenario, pnpm fetch is the best option, as it only needs the pnpm-lock.yaml file and the layer cache will only be lost when you change the dependencies.
FROM node:20-slim AS base
ENV PNPM_HOME="/pnpm"
ENV PATH="$PNPM_HOME:$PATH"
RUN corepack enable
FROM base AS prod
COPY pnpm-lock.yaml /app
WORKDIR /app
RUN pnpm fetch --prod
COPY . /app
RUN pnpm run build
FROM base
COPY --from=prod /app/node_modules /app/node_modules
COPY --from=prod /app/dist /app/dist
EXPOSE 8000
CMD [ "pnpm", "start" ]