Workspace (ruang kerja)
pnpm memiliki dukungan bawaan untuk monorepositori (repositori multi paket, repositori multi proyek, atau repositori monolitik). Anda dapat membuat workspace untuk menyatukan beberapa proyek di dalam satu repositori.
A workspace must have a pnpm-workspace.yaml file in its
root. A workspace also may have an .npmrc in its root.
If you are looking into monorepo management, you might also want to look into Bit.
Bit uses pnpm under the hood but automates a lot of the things that are currently done manually in a traditional workspace managed by pnpm/npm/Yarn. There's an article about bit install that talks about it: Painless Monorepo Dependency Management with Bit.
Protokol workspace (workspace:)
If link-workspace-packages is set to true, pnpm will link packages from the workspace if the available packages
match the declared ranges. For instance, foo@1.0.0 is linked into bar if
bar has "foo": "^1.0.0" in its dependencies and foo@1.0.0 is in the workspace. However, if bar has
"foo": "2.0.0" in dependencies and foo@2.0.0 is not in the workspace,
foo@2.0.0 will be installed from the registry. Perilaku ini memperkenalkan beberapa ketidakpastian.
Luckily, pnpm supports the workspace: protocol. Ketika protokol ini digunakan, pnpm akan menolak untuk menyelesaikan apa pun selain
paket workspace lokal. So, if you set "foo": "workspace:2.0.0", this time
installation will fail because "foo@2.0.0" isn't present in the workspace.
This protocol is especially useful when the link-workspace-packages option is
set to false. In that case, pnpm will only link packages from the workspace if
the workspace: protocol is used.
Merujuk paket workspace melalui alias
Let's say you have a package in the workspace named foo. Usually, you would
reference it as "foo": "workspace:*".
If you want to use a different alias, the following syntax will work too:
"bar": "workspace:foo@*".
Sebelum dipublikasikan, alias dikonversi ke dependensi alias biasa. The above
example will become: "bar": "npm:foo@1.0.0".
Merujuk paket workspace melalui jalur relatifnya
Di workspace dengan 2 paket:
+ packages
+ foo
+ bar
bar may have foo in its dependencies declared as
"foo": "workspace:../foo". Sebelum dipublikasikan, spesifikasi ini dikonversi ke
spesifikasi versi reguler yang didukung oleh semua pengelola paket.
Memublikasikan paket workspace
When a workspace package is packed into an archive (whether it's through
pnpm pack or one of the publish commands like pnpm publish), we dynamically
replace any workspace: dependency by:
- The corresponding version in the target workspace (if you use
workspace:*,workspace:~, orworkspace:^) - Rentang semver terkait (untuk jenis rentang lainnya)
So for example, if we have foo, bar, qar, zoo in the workspace and they all are at version 1.5.0, the following:
{
"dependencies": {
"foo": "workspace:*",
"bar": "workspace:~",
"qar": "workspace:^",
"zoo": "workspace:^1.5.0"
}
}
Will be transformed into:
{
"dependencies": {
"foo": "1.5.0",
"bar": "~1.5.0",
"qar": "^1.5.0",
"zoo": "^1.5.0"
}
}
This feature allows you to depend on your local workspace packages while still being able to publish the resulting packages to the remote registry without needing intermediary publish steps - your consumers will be able to use your published workspaces as any other package, still benefitting from the guarantees semver offers.
Alur kerja rilis
Versioning packages inside a workspace is a complex task and pnpm currently does not provide a built-in solution for it. However, there are 2 well tested tools that handle versioning and support pnpm:
For how to set up a repository using Rush, read this page.
For using Changesets with pnpm, read this guide.
Pemecahan Masalah
pnpm cannot guarantee that scripts will be run in topological order if there are cycles between workspace dependencies. If pnpm detects cyclic dependencies during installation, it will produce a warning. If pnpm is able to find out which dependencies are causing the cycles, it will display them too.
If you see the message There are cyclic workspace dependencies, please inspect workspace dependencies declared in dependencies, optionalDependencies and devDependencies.
Usage examples
Here are a few of the most popular open source projects that use the workspace feature of pnpm:
